A lumpectomy is a surgical procedure commonly used in the treatment of breast cancer. This minimally invasive surgery is also known as breast-conserving surgery as it aims to remove the tumor while preserving as much of the healthy breast tissue as possible. Here is a comprehensive explanation of what lumpectomy surgery entails and what patients can expect before, during, and after the procedure.

Before the Procedure: Prior to undergoing a lumpectomy, patients will typically meet with their surgical team to discuss the details of the surgery and address any concerns or questions. The surgeon may order imaging tests such as mammograms or ultrasounds to pinpoint the location and size of the tumor. In some cases, a biopsy may be performed to confirm the presence of cancerous cells.

During the Procedure: During the lumpectomy procedure, the patient is under general anesthesia to ensure they are comfortable and pain-free. The surgeon will make an incision near the tumor site and carefully remove the tumor along with a margin of surrounding healthy tissue. The goal is to achieve clear margins, meaning there are no cancer cells left behind in the breast.

After the tumor is removed, the surgeon may also perform a sentinel lymph node biopsy to determine if the cancer has spread to the nearby lymph nodes. This involves removing and examining one or more sentinel lymph nodes to assess if they contain cancer cells.

Recovery and Aftercare: Following a lumpectomy, patients can expect some soreness and swelling in the breast area. Pain medications may be prescribed to manage any discomfort during the initial recovery period. Most patients are able to return home the same day as the surgery and can resume light activities within a few days.

It is essential to follow post-operative instructions provided by the surgical team, which may include caring for the surgical incision, monitoring for signs of infection, and attending follow-up appointments to assess healing progress and discuss further treatment options if needed.

Overall, lumpectomy surgery is a valuable option for many breast cancer patients as it allows for the removal of the tumor while preserving the natural appearance of the breast. By understanding the process and knowing what to expect before, during, and after the procedure, patients can feel more informed and prepared to undergo lumpectomy surgery as part of their cancer treatment journey.